Five weeks into the US–Israeli campaign against Iran and its allies, the region is reeling from widespread destruction.
From heavy industrial losses in Iran to shattered infrastructure across the Gulf and Lebanon’s mass displacement, the toll has been staggering. Iran Iran has borne the brunt of the military campaign.
US President Donald Trump vowed to bomb the country "back to the Stone Age", pledging to target bridges and power plants.
Within the first week, Iran ’s missile attacks dropped by around 90% following sustained bombardment by Israeli and US forces, according to analysts.
Israel claims to have destroyed over half of Iran’s 470 missile launchers and several weapons-production sites, while the US Navy is alleged to have sunk more than 90% of Iran’s fleet.
Targeted strikes have devastated critical infrastructure.
A bridge under construction in central Karaj was destroyed, killing 13 people.
Israel also targeted several major steel factories, including the Mobarakeh Steel Company in Isfahan – Iran’s largest steel producer, responsible for roughly $800 million in exports. Israeli officials also claimed 70% of Iran’s steel output has been disrupted.
On 31 March, Israel announced a strike on Tofigh Daru – one of Iran’s largest pharmaceutical firms – alleging it had transferred chemicals linked to weapons research, though no evidence was provided.
Educational and religious sites were also hit, including Tehran’s Shahid Beheshti and Sharif universities, the Husseinya Mosque in Zanjan, and a synagogue in Tehran. Rail networks have also suffered major damage.
Iran’s nuclear program, already heavily impaired by the US-Israeli campaign of June 2025, has reportedly been further set back, though analysts say the change is not decisive.
The human toll has been severe, with Israel claiming to have targeted more than 250 senior Iranian officials, including Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, on the first day of the war on 28 February.
The US-based rights monitor HRANA has recorded 3,540 deaths, including at least 244 children. United States Iranian attacks have targeted US bases and assets across the region, killing thirteen US personnel and wounding more than 300 throughout the five weeks of the campaign.
While American casualties have been relatively low compared with previous conflicts, the financial and material losses have been heavy.
Military analysts estimate the campaign in Iran has cost between $22 billion and $31 billion over five weeks, including the price of forward deployments since December.
According to the Centre for Strategic and International Studies, battle damage reached at least $3.5 billion, with $1.4 billion of that within the first six days of fighting.
Iran focused much of its retaliation on US radar and communication systems.
Among the destroyed or damaged assets were a $1.1 billion radar at Al Udeid Air Base in Qatar, a $700 million AWACS plane in Saudi Arabia, and two THAAD radar systems valued at $485 million each.
The US lost four F-15E Strike Eagles, one KC-135 tanker, and over a dozen Reaper drones.
Even the USS Gerald R. Ford aircraft carrier was temporarily withdrawn for maintenance after a fire on board.
By comparison, during the five-week 1991 Gulf War campaign to liberate Kuwait, just 14 US aircraft were lost.
Analysts warn that the US may face long-term shortages of precision munitions, such as Tomahawk cruise missiles and Patriot interceptors, following high usage rates in the conflict. Lebanon Lebanon has endured some of the worst civilian suffering.
As of April 7, at least 1,503 people, including 130 children, had been killed, with over 4,800 injured and about 1.2 million displaced, roughly one-fifth of the country’s population.
Among the dead are three journalists and 56 emergency workers.
Israeli strikes destroyed at least seven bridges across the Litani River, isolating southern Lebanon from the rest of the country.
Entire residential blocks have been flattened in the south and in coastal cities such as Tyre. Beirut’s southern suburbs have faced continuous bombardment, including strikes on residential buildings, hotels, and banks.
Agricultural losses have also been enormous, with 49,564 hectares — about 22 percent of Lebanon’s farmland — destroyed, particularly olive groves, citrus orchards, and banana plantations. Israel Israel has faced a far lighter physical toll than its adversaries but has still sustained losses from Iran’s missile and drone strikes.
At least 33 people were killed and nearly 7,200 were injured.
While Israeli and US officials say air defences intercepted around 92% of incoming projectiles, others were able to penetrate the shield.
Heavy warhead missiles hit parts of Tel Aviv and Haifa directly, damaging residential buildings and vehicles. The Gulf States The Gulf region has experienced spillover effects, with dozens killed and significant industrial setbacks. Saudi Arabia: Two people were killed, and 22 were injured amid strikes on the Ras Tanura oil refinery, the Jubail industrial complex, and the CIA station inside the US Embassy in Riyadh. Bahrain : Three people died, and more than 50 were injured. The US Navy’s Fifth Fleet headquarters in Manama’s Juffair district sustained heavy damage, while state-owned Bapco Energies and Aluminium Bahrain (Alba) were repeatedly struck. An Amazon Web Services data centre was also damaged by falling debris. Kuwait : Seven deaths were reported. Blazes erupted after strikes on the Mina al-Ahmadi refinery and the Kuwait Petroleum Corporation headquarters. Kuwait International Airport also came under attack. Qatar : Sixteen people were injured in repeated strikes on the vital Ras Laffan gas hub, causing major damage to its LNG production facilities. Al Udeid Air Base, which hosts the largest US military presence in the region, was also hit multiple times. United Arab Emirates : Twelve fatalities and more than 220 injuries were reported. Multiple attacks targeted oil and gas facilities across Abu Dhabi , with the Ruwais refinery complex — one of the world’s largest — suffering extensive damage.